Understanding how overconsumption impacts the health of our Planet
by Meaghan Weeden ● April 08, 2025 ● 3 min read
Overconsumption Impacts
In a world increasingly shaped by what and how we consume, the idea of consumption has taken on a new meaning. No longer limited to its economic roots, the idea of consumption has evolved to reflect how people live, signal identity, and express values from the status driven splurges of "conspicuous consumption” to the ethics-based choices of “critical consumerism.” As digital culture fragments attention and encourages bite-sized, algorithm-driven choices, movements like "de-influencing" and "underconsumptioncore" are pushing back, challenging the pressure to buy more and urging us to buy better.
According to the UN Environment Programme's Global Resources Outlook report, global natural resource consumption is forecast to increase 60% by 2060, compared with 2020 levels. This increasing demand is attributed to urbanization, industrialization, and population growth, and it’s having profound consequences—including biodiversity loss, water stress, climate change, and air pollution. Some of the resources that are in high demand include: food crops, wood for energy, fossil fuels, metals, minerals, and water.
An important distinction is that high-income countries use 6 times more materials per capita than low-income countries. In a recent Princeton University study that examined the impact of 24 high-income nations (including the United States, Germany, France, Japan, and China) on 7,593 forest-dependent species, they found that these countries caused 15 times more biodiversity loss in low-income countries, than in their own. "By importing food and timber, these developed nations are essentially exporting extinction," said David Wilcove, co-author of the study and Professor of Ecology, Evolutionary Biology, and Public Affairs. "Global trade spreads out the environmental impacts of human consumption, in this case prompting the more developed nations to get their food from poorer, more biodiverse nations in the tropics, resulting in the loss of more species."
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Fontes/Links:
https://onetreeplanted.org/blogs/stories/overconsumption
https://onetreeplanted.org/blogs/stories/how-to-reduce-waste
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