For further reading on this subject:
please visit our page:
Sources/Links:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2627884/
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22/01/2023
20/01/2023
no way
este ano os portugueses elegeram o Eucalipto
de Contige, levando a UNAC a questionar se “existe uma nova geração na opinião
pública para a qual o eucalipto é encarado em pé de igualdade com as restantes
árvores, sendo a sua beleza e porte alvo de atenção, justificando que há espaço
para todos”. “A inclusão também chegou à floresta”, remata a entidade que
promove a iniciativa. levando a UNAC a questionar se “existe uma nova geração
na opinião pública para a qual o eucalipto é encarado em pé de igualdade com as
restantes árvores, sendo a sua beleza e porte alvo de atenção, justificando que
há espaço para todos”. “A inclusão também chegou à floresta”, remata a entidade
que promove a iniciativa.
this year the Portuguese elected the Eucalyptus of
Contige, leading UNAC to question whether "there is a new generation in
public opinion for which eucalyptus is faced on an equal footing with the other
trees, being its beauty and size the target of attention, justifying that there
is room for all". "Inclusion has also reached the forest,"
concludes the entity that promotes the initiative. leading UNAC to question
whether "there is a new generation in public opinion for which eucalyptus
is faced on an equal footing with the other trees, being its beauty and size
the target of attention, justifying that there is room for all".
"Inclusion has also reached the forest," concludes the entity that
promotes the initiative.
Sources/Links:
https://www.gazetarural.com/navigator-felicita-eucalipto-de-contige-vencedor-da-arvore-do-ano/
https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contige
18/01/2023
FISE - Forest Information System for Europe
FISE - Forest Information System for Europe is a forest knowledge base
in support of the EU Forest Strategy.
Forest tree cover is basic for sustainability assessments.
Measuring forest tree cover helps tracking changes, both gain and losses
and supports policies related to reforestation, afforestation and ecosystem
restoration.
Follow the Link bellow and you will find the information available regarding:
▶ FOREST TREE COVER MAKES UP
37.13%
3 387 625 ha of the total country area
▶ FOREST PER CAPITA
0.33
ha per capita
▶ FOREST COVER CHANGE
▶ LAND COVER STATISTICS
▶ GROWING STOCK
▶ ROUNDWOOD REMOVALS
▶ FOREST PATCH DISTRIBUTION
Sources/Links:
https://forest.eea.europa.eu/countries/portugal/portugal-basic-data
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16/01/2023
The Sixth Mass Extinction Event
Sixth Mass Extinction of Wildlife Accelerating - Study
According to a recent analysis, the sixth mass extinction of wildlife on
Earth is accelerating. More than 500 species of land animals are on the brink
of extinction and are likely to be lost within 20 years; the same number were
lost over the whole of the last century. The scientists say that without the
human destruction of nature, this rate of loss would have taken thousands of
years and they warn that this may be a tipping point for the collapse of
civilisation.
The analysis, published in the journal Proceedings of the National
Academy of Sciences, looked at data on 29,000 land vertebrate species
compiled by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red
List of Threatened Species and BirdLife International. The scientists
identified 515 species with populations below 1,000 and about half of these had
fewer than 250 individuals remaining.
What is a Mass Extinction Event?
A mass extinction is usually defined as a loss of about three quarters
of all species in existence across the entire Earth over a “short” geological
period of time. Given the vast amount of time since life first evolved on the
planet, “short” is defined as anything less than 2.8 million years.
Previous Mass Extinction Events
(…)
The Analysis
(…)
Causes
(…)
Consequences of the Sixth Mass Extinction
(…)
You Might Also Like:
Vertebrates on the brink as indicators of biological
annihilation and the sixth mass extinction
Sources/Links:
https://earth.org/sixth-mass-extinction-of-wildlife-accelerating/
https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.1922686117
https://earth.org/conservation/
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08/01/2023
Calls to implement Basic Climate Law
The environmental association Zero has warned of the need for rapid implementation and regulation of the Basic Climate Law.
In a statement, Zero mentions measures that it considers urgent to
implement, such as the planned availability to the public of a digital tool,
the Climate Action Portal, which will allow citizens to participate in climate
action and access information on emissions and targets, progress in achieving
them, or climate finance. “Public participation occupies a central place in the
law (…), however, it is not clear how this participation will be framed”.
A year after the publication of the law, figures are missing for carbon
budgets for the period 2023-2025, says Zero, adding that by February the
initial climate impact assessment report should be presented, in which
potential government diplomas are identified.
Sources/Links:
https://www.theportugalnews.com/news/2023-01-01/calls-to-implement-basic-climate-law/73444
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31/12/2022
21/12/2022
Winter solstice in 2022
When is the winter solstice in 2022?
The winter solstice is on Wednesday 21 December 2022. It marks
the first day of astronomical winter, and the precise time of the solstice will
be at 9:47pm GMT. This differs from meteorological winter, which always
begins on 1 December, every year.
There are two solstices every year, one in December and one in June.
What is the winter solstice?
The winter solstice is when the Sun reaches its lowest point in the sky,
and here in the northern hemisphere, that results in the shortest day of the
year. It’s not something that you can see, like a meteor shower or planet in
opposition, but rather an event that occurs.
During the winter solstice, the northern hemisphere is tilted furthest
away from the Sun, causing it to reach its lowest point visually in the sky.
For us here on Earth, this means it takes the least amount of time to cross the
sky, and so we get the shortest day (and longest night) of the year. After the
winter solstice, the days begin to get longer and the nights shorter.
What does the word ‘solstice’ mean?
The word ‘solstice’ is the scientific term for this astronomical event
that happens twice a year. The word solstice is derived from the Latin sol
(sun) and sistere (to stand still). Both at the December solstice and the June
solstice, the Sun reverses its apparent annual north-south motion and appears
to stand still.
How the December solstice affects the poles
The Arctic and Antarctic circles are located at 66.5 degrees north and
66.5 degrees south, respectively. The latitude of the Arctic circle is
essentially the line, above which the Sun never rises on the December solstice,
resulting in 24 hours of darkness.
As you move closer towards the north pole, you’re moving closer towards
the point on the Earth that is tilted furthest away from the Sun. The winter
solstice is the darkest time of the year for the north pole, and during these
winter months, the Sun doesn’t rise from mid-November to late January, buffered
by a period of twilight on either side.
Sources/Links:
https://www.sciencefocus.com/planet-earth/winter-solstice-shortest-day-year/
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20/12/2022
A Massive Global Reforestation Project Is How We Fix Climate Change
This guy has a way with arithmetic’s...
We can conclusively solve our climate change problem with a massive
global reforestation campaign. This piece is a quick 2-minute summary
Here is how:
First, the basic unit of CO2 is a “ton.” A billion tons is a gigaton.
Each year, the world emits about 45 billion tons, or 45 gigatons of CO2.
We know that forests absorb CO2. How much? An acre of forest absorbs
about 15 tons of CO2 in a year. Other tree species absorb somewhat more or
less, some of them a lot more.
This means we need 3 billion acres of forest to offset our entire
worldwide CO2 emissions each year.
Does the world have this much land for new forest?
Yes, but we will need to regreen deserts. There are about 4.7 billion
acres of desert available, and we’ll only need about 3 billion of that.
People have been successfully regreening deserts for decades, e.g. in China,
Jordan, UAE, and Israel.
The limiting factor to regreening a desert is irrigation. We have to
irrigate the trees for about 20 years until the vegetation changes the climate
and induces its own rainfall.
We cannot rely on existing freshwater supplies, as they are all spoken
for (food, agriculture, etc), so the only other source is desalination of
seawater. This is energy-intensive, so our energy sources need to be low or
zero-carbon —solar, for instance.
On a per-acre basis, the cost to build a solar array sufficient to power
the desalination needed to irrigate that acre of forest for 20 years is about $1000/year
per acre.
Thus, to reforest 3 billion acres at current prices will cost the world
an investment of $3 trillion/year for 20 years.
That sounds like a lot, but the world GDP of 2017 was $80 trillion.
Therefore, this plan would require an investment of a little less
than 4% of world GDP every year for 20 years. Combined with even moderate
and gradual reduction in fuel emissions, we would effectively offset all CO2
emissions within 20 years once the forests reach maturity.
If we were to reforest the remaining 1.7 billion acres, the excess
sequestration capacity would remove all of the CO2 remaining in the
atmosphere that we have emitted since 1750 (beginning of the Industrial
Revolution) in under 35 years.
Sources/Links:
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16/12/2022
06/12/2022
"O Borda d'Água" and "O Seringador"
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“O Borda d’Água” is one of the most iconic Portuguese Almanacs, along with “O Seringador”
In Portugal, both "O Seringador "
(158 years of uninterrupted publication) and "O Borda d’Água " (94 uninterrupted years), do not have
online version.
The century history of the printed Portuguese almanacs: "O
Seringador" and "O Borda d’Água", empirical corpus of contemporary
lusophony and communication practices.
The almanac is a popular cultural artifact, that means, a narrative that
merges scientific knowledge and popular folklore, in one side in the
traditionalism and another in the contemporary world.
The historiographical study combined with the theory of Folk
Communication reveals the ways in which people experience and give meaning to
the communication practices, distinguish the past and identify their culture. The
Portuguese almanacs, "O Seringador" and "O Borda
d`Água" are the empirical corpus: object folk comunicacional: visual,
printed, almanac.
Sources/Links:
Almanaques
de Cordel: um estudo sobre o Seringador e o Borda d’Água
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Solstício de Inverno
Fontes/Links: https://g1.globo.com/mundo/noticia/2024/12/21/milhares-de-pessoas-celebram-o-solsticio-de-inverno-em-stonehenge.ghtml ΦΦΦ
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